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This paper describes a method to calculate the
aerodynamic forces generated by a rigid two-element wing
together with a jib. Additionally, investigations of
hydrodynamic flow forces generated by water-piercing Lshaped
foils are introduced. The aerodynamic and
hydrodynamic flow force prediction methods are combined
in a velocity prediction program featuring a constraint
optimization method in order to predict boat speed and wing
and foil trimming parameters for its maximization.
A velocity polar calculated by applying this method to a
50-foot catamaran is shown and the result of some studies
are presented, varying design parameters of the catamaran.
Modern racing yacht semi-planing hull forms provide a
number of complex challenges for designers and other
professionals involved in yacht rating.
The SYRF Wide Light Project was initiated as a means
of (1) providing data with which to assess a range of
alternative computation methodologies to analyse sailing
yacht hydrodynamic forces and moments, (2) making this
data available to the entire sailing yacht research
community and (3) demonstrating how this type of study
can be used to inform the rating process.
This paper presents a comprehensive set of tank test
results in both canoe body only and appended
configurations to be used as a benchmark for a defined
geometry of a modern semi-planing hull.
Five different CFD stakeholders carried out ‘blind’ CFD
analysis on the same test matrix using a range of different
computational codes and approaches. The results are
presented here along with feedback detailing the software,
methods and resources used to generate the results.
This project offers a comprehensive set of public
domain data which researchers may use to validate and
develop their numerical tools as well as highlighting how
successfully commercial CFD codes may be used to
confidently predict the variation of the forces on a sailing
yacht hull as speed, heel and leeway change.
Finally, discussion will be made on how this first phase
of the project may be used to inform handicap rule makers.
Insights from the Load Monitoring Program for the 2014-2015 Volvo Ocean Race
This paper describes insights into keel and rigging loads
obtained through a data acquisition system fitted on the
fleet of Volvo 65 yachts during the 2014-2015 Volvo
Ocean Race. In the first part, keel fin stress spectra are
derived from traces of canting keel ram pressures and keel
angle; these are reviewed and compared against equivalent
spectra obtained by applying methods proposed by Det
Norske Veritas - Germanischer Lloyd (“DNVGL”)
guidelines and the ISO 12215 standard. The differences
between stress spectra and their validity are discussed,
considering two types of keel: milled from a monolithic
cast of steel, and fabricated from welded metal sheets. The
second part discusses predicted and actual rigging working
loads for the Volvo 65 yachts, and considers how safety
factors vary between design loads proposed by DNVGL
and actual recorded loads.
Strategic Decision Making in Yacht Match Racing: Stochastic Game Approach
In a sailing yacht match race —a duel between either identical or almost similar yachts— strategy plays
a major role and sailors continuously have to make their decisions according to the wind variations and
the opponent’s position and actions. This paper focuses on the issue of strategic decision-making during
a match racing upwind leg, considering the skipper’s reactions to the opponent’s position and actions in a
dynamic and stochastic wind. We address this decision-making problem with a stochastic game approach
and propose a new formalism to model both yachts’ decision sequence and the resulting outcomes in terms
of advantages to win the match. A first model of the proposed formalism is implemented on a simple
racing scenario to illustrate the method. This paper shows how the strategic decision-making in sailing
yacht match racing corresponds to the settings of stochastic games, considering the wind fluctuations and
the opponent’s actions. Even if the model is simplified with strong assumptions with respect to the real
game of match racing, the new proposed formalism with a two-player stochastic game approach permits
some insights into strategic decision making and will be helpful for sailors training after some future
developments to get closer to the real race.